If you’re someone interested in the world of modern technology, you’ve probably heard of and have a basic knowledge of NFTs. However, among the general public, the world of NFTs remains something of a mystery. Today, we attempt to explain in the most basic possible terms what NFTs are and why they’re so popular.
Let’s deal with the simplest question first: What does “NFT” stand for? The answer is “non-fungible token.” Basically, an NFT is a type of digital certificate that ensures ownership of a digital item. Any unique piece of digital art, whether a JPG, a GIF, a wav, an MP3, or any other file type, can be stored as an NFT using “blockchain” technology—the same type of technology used to store cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin.
However, an NFT differs from a unit of a cryptocurrency in that its data are unique and cannot be altered. This uniqueness proves a person’s ownership of an NFT. In this sense, NFTs are much like physical artworks; they hold value and can be bought and sold. Moreover, while an NFT item can be reproduced infinitely, there’s only one original NFT of that digital item and a corresponding owner.
The world’s first NFT, a video clip that was eventually sold by its creator for US$4, was created back in 2014. However, NFTs did not start growing significantly in popularity until 2020. Then, in 2021, NFT trading skyrocketed, with the total trade figure exceeding US$17 billion that year.
NFTs are no stranger to controversy. They have been criticized for the high carbon footprint that comes with the blockchain technology they use and also for their involvement in a number of art-related scams. Nevertheless, recent NFT trading activity suggests that they are here to stay as a powerful player in the global economy.
如果你是一個對現代科技世界有興趣的人，那你或許聽過NFT，也可能對它有基本的認識。然而，在普羅大眾之間，NFT的世界仍多少有些神祕。今天，我們就試著以最基本的話來解釋NFT是什麼，以及它們為何如此受歡迎。
我們先來處理最簡單的問題：「NFT」代表的是什麼？答案是「non-fungible token（非同質化代幣）」。基本上，NFT是一種數位憑證，確保某個數位物品的所有權。任何特別的數位藝術──不論是JPG檔、GIF檔、WAV檔、MP3檔或任何其他類型的檔案，都能夠使用「區塊鏈」來將其儲存為NFT，而區塊鏈和用來儲存如比特幣等加密貨幣的技術是同類型的科技。
然而，NFT與加密貨幣不同的地方在於，其資料是獨有的，且無法被修改。這種獨有性證明了一個人對某個NFT的所有權。在這個層面上，NFT就更像是實體的藝術作品；它們有價值、可以被買賣。再者，雖然一個NFT物件可以被無限複製，但該數位物件的原始 NFT只有一份，且只有一位相應的擁有者。
世上首個NFT於2014年創造，是一支其創造者最終以四美元價格售出的影片。然而，NFT一直到2020年才大幅爆紅。接著於2021年，NFT交易量大增，當年交易總金額超過一百七十億美元。
NFT的爭議也沒少過。一直以來，它們都以所使用的區塊鏈科技所帶來的高碳足跡、以及它們涉及數起和藝術相關的詐騙而飽受批評。然而，近期NFT交易活動顯示出，它們會以身為全球經濟中的重要角色而持續著。
from https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/lang/archives/2022/10/31/2003787984
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