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Friday, 11 February 2022

windows桌面系统上的包管理工具SCOOP

使用 scoop

scoop help                       # 查看帮助
scoop help <command>             # 查看具体某个命令的帮助

scoop search <app>               # 搜索软件包
scoop install <app>              # 安装软件包
scoop install git                # 安装 git
scoop install 7zip               # 安装 7zip
scoop uninstall <app>            # 卸载软件包

scoop search terminal
scoop bucket known               # 查看已知的软件库列表
scoop bucket add extras          # 添加软件库 extras
scoop install windows-terminal   # 安装 windows terminal

scoop install python@3.6.8       # 安装指定的版本
scoop hold python                # 禁止 Python 更新
scoop unhold python              # 允许 Python 更新

scoop status                     # 检查哪些软件包可以更新

scoop update                     # 更新 scoop
scoop update <app1> <app2>       # 更新软件包 qpp1 app2
scoop update *                   # 更新所有软件包

scoop list                       # 查看已经安装的软件包

scoop bucket add dorado https://github.com/h404bi/dorado    # 添加第三方软件库
scoop install dorado/<app>                                  # 从指定软件库中安装 app

scoop bucket list                # 查看添加的仓库列表
scoop bucket rm extras           # 移除软件库 extras

scoop cache                      # 查看软件包缓存
scoop cache rm <app>             # 删除某软件包的缓存
scoop cache rm *                 # 删除所有软件包的缓存

scoop cleanup <app>              # 删除某软件包的旧版本

scoop alias add <name> <command> <description>                       # 设置 scoop 别名
scoop alias add rm 'scoop uninstall $args[0]' 'Uninstall an app'     # 使用 scoop rm <app> 代替 scoop uninstall <app> 卸载软件包
scoop alias add upgrade 'scoop update *' 'Update all apps'           # 使用 scoop upgrade 代替 scoop update * 更新所有软件包

scoop alias list                 # 查看 scoop 别名
scoop alias list -v              # 查看 scoop 别名详情
scoop help                       # 可以查看到已经添加的别名
scoop alias rm rm                # 移除个刚刚添加的 rm 别名

scoop reset <app>@<version>      # 旧版本存在时,某 app 的多个版本之间切换
scoop reset <app>                # 某 app 切换到最新版本

scoop prefix git                 # 查看 git 安装路径
scoop info git                   # 查看 git 的安装信息
scoop home git                   # 用浏览器查看 git 的主页
scoop which git                  # 查看 git 命令的路径

scoop depends <app>              # 查看某软件包的依赖
scoop export > app.list          # 所有已经安装的软件包名,导出到 app.list 文件中

更新问题

# 大多数情况下,软件更新失败是因为国内 git pull 失败导致,可以尝试设置 git 代理解决

# 设置代理
git config --global http.proxy http://127.0.0.1:8118
git config --global https.proxy http://127.0.0.1:8118

# 查看代理设置
type ~/.gitconfig

# 取消代理
git config --global --unset http.proxy
git config --global --unset https.proxy

--------------------------------------

from https://github.com/ScoopInstaller/Scoop

A command-line installer for Windows.
https://scoop.sh/

Scoop

Features | Installation | Documentation


Code Size Repository size Build Status Discord Chat Gitter Chat License

Scoop is a command-line installer for Windows.

What does Scoop do?

Scoop installs programs from the command line with a minimal amount of friction. It:

  • Eliminates permission popup windows
  • Hides GUI wizard-style installers
  • Prevents PATH pollution from installing lots of programs
  • Avoids unexpected side-effects from installing and uninstalling programs
  • Finds and installs dependencies automatically
  • Performs all the extra setup steps itself to get a working program

Scoop is very scriptable, so you can run repeatable setups to get your environment just the way you like, e.g.:

scoop install sudo
sudo scoop install 7zip git openssh --global
scoop install aria2 curl grep sed less touch
scoop install python ruby go perl

If you've built software that you'd like others to use, Scoop is an alternative to building an installer (e.g. MSI or InnoSetup) — you just need to zip your program and provide a JSON manifest that describes how to install it.

Requirements

  • Windows 7 SP1+ / Windows Server 2008+
  • PowerShell 5 (or later, include PowerShell Core) and .NET Framework 4.5 (or later)
  • PowerShell must be enabled for your user account e.g. Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned -Scope CurrentUser

Installation

Run the following command from your PowerShell to install scoop to its default location (C:\Users\<user>\scoop)

Invoke-Expression (New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://get.scoop.sh')

# or shorter
iwr -useb get.scoop.sh | iex

Once installed, run scoop help for instructions.

The default setup is configured so all user installed programs and Scoop itself live in C:\Users\<user>\scoop. Globally installed programs (--global) live in C:\ProgramData\scoop. These settings can be changed through environment variables.

Install Scoop to a Custom Directory by changing SCOOP

$env:SCOOP='D:\Applications\Scoop'
[Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable('SCOOP', $env:SCOOP, 'User')
# run the installer

Configure Scoop to install global programs to a Custom Directory by changing SCOOP_GLOBAL

$env:SCOOP_GLOBAL='F:\GlobalScoopApps'
[Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable('SCOOP_GLOBAL', $env:SCOOP_GLOBAL, 'Machine')
# run the installer

Configure Scoop to store downloads to a Custom Directory by changing SCOOP_CACHE

$env:SCOOP_CACHE='F:\ScoopCache'
[Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable('SCOOP_CACHE', $env:SCOOP_CACHE, 'Machine')
# run the installer

Configure Scoop to use a GitHub API token during searching and checkver by setting SCOOP_CHECKVER_TOKEN

$env:SCOOP_CHECKVER_TOKEN='<paste-token-here>'
[Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable('SCOOP_CHECKVER_TOKEN', $env:SCOOP_CHECKVER_TOKEN, 'Machine')
# search for an app

Documentation

Multi-connection downloads with aria2

Scoop can utilize aria2 to use multi-connection downloads. Simply install aria2 through Scoop and it will be used for all downloads afterward.

scoop install aria2

By default, scoop displays a warning when running scoop install or scoop update while aria2 is enabled. This warning can be suppressed by running scoop config aria2-warning-enabled false.

You can tweak the following aria2 settings with the scoop config command:

Inspiration

What sort of apps can Scoop install?

The apps that install best with Scoop are commonly called "portable" apps: i.e. compressed program files that run stand-alone when extracted and don't have side-effects like changing the registry or putting files outside the program directory.

Since installers are common, Scoop supports them too (and their uninstallers).

Scoop is also great at handling single-file programs and Powershell scripts. These don't even need to be compressed. See the runat package for an example: it's really just a GitHub gist.

Contribute to this project

If you'd like to improve Scoop by adding features or fixing bugs, please read our Contributing Guide.

Support this project

If you find Scoop useful and would like to support ongoing development and maintenance, here's how:

Known application buckets

The following buckets are known to scoop:

  • main - Default bucket for the most common (mostly CLI) apps
  • extras - Apps that don't fit the main bucket's criteria
  • games - Open source/freeware games and game-related tools
  • nerd-fonts - Nerd Fonts
  • nirsoft - Almost all of the 250+ apps from Nirsoft
  • java - A collection of Java development kits (JDKs), Java runtime engines (JREs), Java's virtual machine debugging tools and Java based runtime engines.
  • nonportable - Non-portable apps (may require UAC)
  • php - Installers for most versions of PHP
  • versions - Alternative versions of apps found in other buckets

The main bucket is installed by default. To add any of the other buckets, type:

scoop bucket add bucketname

For example, to add the extras bucket, type:

scoop bucket add extras

Other application buckets

Many other application buckets hosted on Github can be found in the Scoop Directory or via other search engines.

https://github.com/Ash258/Scoop-Core)

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https://github.com/Ash258/Scoop-GithubActions

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https://github.com/kidonng/sushi/

https://github.com/kidonng/sushi/tree/master/bucket

https://github.com/kidonng/scoop-docs

https://github.com/kidonng/snoop


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