用parted创建GPT分区

fdisk不支持创建GPT分区，GPT支持大于2TB分区，MBR不支持。
介绍2种分区表：
MBR分区表：（MBR含义：主引导记录）
所支持的最大卷：2T （T; terabytes,1TB=1024GB）
对分区的设限：最多4个主分区或3个主分区加一个扩展分区。


GPT分区表：（GPT含义：GUID分区表）
支持最大卷：18EB，（E：exabytes,1EB=1024TB）
每个磁盘最多支持128个分区
所以如果要大于2TB的卷或分区就必须得用GPT分区表。
下面是用parted工具对/dev/sda做GPT分区的过程：


root@node01:/mnt# parted /dev/sda
GNU Parted 2.3
Using /dev/sda
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type ‘help’ to view a list of commands.


(parted) mklabel gpt    

Warning: The existing disk label on /dev/sda will be destroyed and all data on this disk

will be lost. Do you want to continue?

Yes/No? yes

新硬盘不会出现

(parted) print
Model: DELL PERC 6/i Adapter (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 500GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt


Number  Start  End  Size  File system  Name  Flags


(parted)mkpart primary 0KB 500GB
Warning: You requested a partition from 0.00B to 500GB.
The closest location we can manage is 17.4kB to 500GB.
Is this still acceptable to you?
Yes/No? yes
Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.
Ignore/Cancel? Ignore


(parted) print
Model: DELL PERC 6/i Adapter (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 500GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt


Number  Start   End    Size   File system  Name     Flags
1      17.4kB  500GB  500GB               primary


(parted)quit
Information: You may need to update /etc/fstab.


root@node01:/#mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1

如果硬盘分区比较大，存放大文件的情况下可以执行

root@node01:/#mkfs.ext4  -T largefile /dev/sda1

mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
文件系统标签=
操作系统:Linux
块大小=4096 (log=2)
分块大小=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
30490624 inodes, 121962487 blocks
6098124 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
3722 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,
102400000


正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (32768 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成


This filesystem will be automatically checked every 24 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.


root@node01:/#mount /dev/sda1 /data


root@node01:/# df -h
Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/node01-root
6.8G  987M  5.5G  16% /
none                  7.9G  208K  7.9G   1% /dev
none                  7.9G     0  7.9G   0% /dev/shm
none                  7.9G   32K  7.9G   1% /var/run
none                  7.9G     0  7.9G   0% /var/lock
/dev/sdb1             228M   21M  196M  10% /boot
/dev/sda1             458G  198M  435G   1% /export/glusterfs01


root@node01:/#vi /etc/fstab


# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use ‘blkid -o value -s UUID’ to print the universally unique identifier
# for a device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name
# devices that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point>   <type>  <options>       <dump>  <pass>
proc            /proc           proc    nodev,noexec,nosuid 0       0
/dev/mapper/node01-root /               ext4    errors=remount-ro 0       1
# /boot was on /dev/sdb1 during installation
UUID=c21707ff-ba0f-43ee-819a-8e72fa0f8500 /boot           ext2    defaults        0       2
/dev/mapper/node01-swap_1 none            swap    sw              0       0
/dev/sda1       /data     ext4    defaults        0       2


重启就可以自动挂载了！至此完成.